2015年湖北成人学士学位英语考试模拟真题及答案分析之阅读理解
Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: In this part there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the one you think is the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with single line through the center.
Passage 1
Special education, as its name suggests, is a specialized branch of education. Special educators teach those students who have physical, cognitive, language, learning, sensory, and/or emotional abilities that deviate from those of the general population. Special educators provide instruction specifically tailored to meet individualized needs, making education available to students who otherwise would have limited access to education. In 2001, special education in the United States was serving over five million students.
Although federally mandated special education is relatively new in the United States, students with disabilities have been present in every era and in every society. Historical records have consistently documented the most severe disabilities — those that transcend task and setting. Itard\'s description of the wild boy of Aveyron documents a variety of behaviors consistent with both mental retardation (智力迟钝) and behavioral disorders. Reports about abnormal behavior in the Nineteenth-century also describe issues about severe mental retardation or autism(自闭症). Milder forms of disability became apparent only after the advent of universal public education. When literacy became a goal for all children, teachers began observing disabilities specific to task and setting — that is, less severe disabilities.
After decades of research and legislation, special education now provides services to students with varying degrees and forms of disabilities, including mental retardation, emotional disturbance, learning disabilities, speech-language disabilities, impaired hearing and deafness, low vision and blindness, autism, traumatic brain injury, other health impairments, and severe and multiple disabilities.
21. Which of the following can NOT be considered as “severe disabilities”?
A) Disabilities specific to task and setting.
B) Mental retardation.
C) Behavioral disorders.
D) Autism.
22. “Historical records” mentioned in the second paragraph show that____.
A) the problem of disabled students was more severe in the past than at present
B) students with disabilities could be found in history
C) disabled students in history had not been given enough attention
D) it is difficult for children to get rid of mental disabilities
23. According to the passage, all of the following groups of children can become students of special education EXCEPT____.
A) children with sensory problems
B) children with learning disabilities
C) children who suffer from emotional disturbance
D) children who do not obey the rules of universal public education
24. Which of the following is TRUE about special education in the United States?
A) It now only provides services to students with severe disabilities.
B) It is now serving over five million students.
C) The number of students of special education has decreased.
D) The United States has spent decades on the legislation of special education.
25. The purpose of this passage is to___.
A) provide information about special education to the reader
B) persuade the U.S. government to spend more money on special education
C) encourage people to join in the work of special education
D) compare special education with universal public education
Passage 2
Emperors are the largest of all penguins — an average bird stands some 45 inches tall. These flightless animals live on the Antarctic ice and in the cold surrounding waters. Penguins employ physiological adaptations and cooperative behaviors in order to deal with an incredibly harsh environment, where wind chills can reach -60°C.
Emperor penguins spend the long winter on the open ice — and even breed during this harsh season. Females lay a single egg and then promptly leave it behind. They undertake an extended hunting trip that lasts some two months! Depending on the extent of the ice pack, females may need to travel some 50 miles just to reach the open ocean, where they will feed on fish, squid, and krill. At sea, emperor penguins can dive to 1,850 feet — deeper than any other bird — and stay under for more than 20 minutes.
Male emperors keep the newly laid eggs warm, but they do not sit on them, as many other birds do. Males stand and protect their eggs from the elements by balancing them on their feet and covering them with feathered skin known as a brood pouch. During this two-month bout of babysitting the males eat nothing and are at the mercy of the Antarctic elements.
When female penguins return to the breeding site, they bring a belly full of food that they regurgitate for the newly hatched chicks. Meanwhile, their duty done, male emperors take to the sea in search of food for themselves.
Mothers care for their young chicks and protect them with the warmth of their own brood pouches. Outside of this warm cocoon, a chick could die in just a few minutes. In December, Antarctic summer, the pack ice begins to break up and open water appears near the breeding site, just as young emperor penguins are ready to swim and fish on their own.
26. In order to deal with the harsh environment, penguins____.
A) migrate to find better breeding or feeding grounds
B) try to adapt to the environment physiologically
C) improve each individual’s ability
D) only breed during comfortable seasons
27. Male emperors protect the newly laid eggs from the coldness by____.
A) sitting on the eggs
B) putting the eggs under their feet
C) covering the eggs with their brood pouches
D) putting the eggs under the ice
28. During the period of babysitting, male emperors____.
A) eat a lot to keep themselves strong
B) can definitely survive in the harsh environment
C) protect their eggs by balancing them on their feet
D) undertake an extend hunting trip for food
29. In the fourth paragraph, “regurgitate” probably means____.
A) passing food to someone
B) storing food
C) bringing food back up from one’s stomach
D) searching for food
30. All of the following are true about baby emperor penguins EXCEPT____.
A) young emperor penguins have to learn to break ice up in Antarctic summer
B) a penguin chick could die soon outside of its parents’ brood pouches
C) young emperor penguins are ready to fish independently in December
D) male and female emperors take turns to care for their young chicks
参考答案：
21-25 ABDDA 26-30 BCCCA
